民俗学的田野范式与伦理反思

The Field Work Model and Ethics Reflection in Folklore

中国现代民俗学的田野实践实现了从搜集整理到田野作业,再到田野研究的范式转换。在田野研究阶段,民俗学的关注对象实现了由"物"到"人"的转换,更加强调主体间的田野对话关系。由此,田野实践中交互主体的伦理关系也被纳入学科研究范畴。探讨与反思田野伦理关系,是审视田野角色、革新民俗志书写范式、重回学科本位和价值立场的重要路径。

The modern Chinese folklore has experienced the stages of gathering and sorting out,field work,and field research.In the field research stage the focus of folklore is the change from“object”to“human”,emphasizing the dialogic relationship between subjects.Hence,the interactive subject ethics in field practice are included in the disciplinary research.It is argued that the exploration and reflection on field ethics is an important approach to examining field roles,innovating ethnography writing models,and returning to the original disciplinary position and value.