斑玉蕈菌种连续传代对其生产性能的影响

Effect of Continuous Subculture on the Productivity of Hypsizygus marmoreus

为了研究连续传代对斑玉蕈菌种生产性能的影响,确定斑玉蕈生产菌种用种代数,通过模仿工厂制备固体菌种的方法,将亲本菌种(0代)进行连续传代培养制备10代菌种,以0代为对照,测定不同传代次数菌种的生理生化参数(菌丝生长速度、可溶性蛋白质含量、还原糖含量、基质降解酶活力)与出菇产量的变化。结果表明,0~4代菌种的生长速度基本一致,5~10代菌种的菌丝生长速度逐渐降低,第10代菌种生长速度相对亲本菌株降低27%。同时还原糖与可溶性蛋白分泌量逐渐减少,中性蛋白酶、漆酶、木聚糖酶活力也大幅度降低;与0~4代菌种的纤维素酶活力相比,5~10代菌种的酶活力逐渐增加。在农艺性状表现上,0~4代菌种的产量高,均在55 g/瓶以上,菇蕾数、菇数多,整齐度好;5~10代菌种产量逐渐降低,第10代产量仅为28.7 g/瓶,出菇蕾数、菇数、成品菇比例随传代次数逐渐降低。研究表明,斑玉蕈菌种继代培养4代以内的菌种生产特性良好,5代以后生产性能逐渐退化。

The effect of continuous subculture on the productivity of Hypsizygus marmoreus was investigated to confirm the generations of Hypsizygus marmoreus in production.Ten continuous subcultures of Hypsizygus marmoreus were prepared from parent strain(0 generation)by simulating the strategy used in factories.And then,the physiological and biochemical indexes including mycelium growth rate,soluble protein and reducing sugar concentration,matrix degrading enzyme activity were analyzed,respectively and the mushroom production was also monitored.The results showed that the mycelium growth rate of strains from the primary to 4th generation aligned fairly well,while that of strains from the 5th to 10th generation gradually decreased,and the mycelium growth rate of the 10th generation decreased by 27%compared with the parent strain.Meanwhile the concentration of reducing sugar and soluble protein declined,and the activities of neutral protease,laccase and xylanase were remarkably decreased.However,the activity of cellulase was gradually increased from the 5th to 10th generation compared with the primary to 4th generation.In the expression of agronomic characters,the mushroom production from the primary to 4th generation was stable and high,which reached more than 55 g per bottle.While the mushroom production from the 5th to 10th generation gradually decreased,the 10th generation only produced 28.7 g per bottle,and the number of mushroom buds and mushroom as well as commercial mushroom gradually decreased with continuous subculture.Our data demonstrated that the primary to 4th generation of strain presented good growth characteristic with stable productivity,while the productivity was gradually declined after the 5th generation.