教育扶贫政策执行何以偏差--基于政策执行系统模型的考量

The Implementation Deviation of the Policy about Poverty Alleviation through Education:The Perspective of Meter-Horn Model of Policy Implementation System

教育扶贫独特价值日益得到正视,政策体系初步形成,政策效益却不相匹配。通过借助政策执行系统模型对教育扶贫政策执行过程进行分析,发现政策目标分歧与偏离、执行机制分割与乏力、执行资源短缺与低效、执行角色模糊与冲突、外部环境机遇与挑战共存,加上变量要素的连锁效应,共同形塑了执行偏差,限制了执行效益。偏差矫正的突破点在于,横向上整合职能部门权责关系、优化资源配置形成合力,纵向上降低层级传递信息耗损、增进基层行政程序意识,同时解除执行人员思维枷锁、强化贫困人口教育意愿和改善教育扶贫微观环境。

The unique value of poverty alleviation through education has been increasingly recognized,and the policy system about it has been formed initially,but the policy performance doesn't match well.By analyzing the implementation process of the policy about poverty alleviation through the perspective of policy implementation system model,we find following factors that the divergence and deviation of policy objectives,the fragmentation and weakness of executive mechanism,the shortage and inefficiency of executive resources,the vagueness and conflict of executive roles,the coexistence of opportunities and challenges in the external environment,and the chain effect of the variables jointly cause the implementation deviation and restrict the implementation performance.The point of penetration of deviation modification lies in integrating the relationship of power and duties of functional departments at the horizontal level and optimizing the allocation of resources to form a concerted effort;then reducing the information loss in hierarchical transmission in vertical aspects and enhancing the procedure awareness of grass-roots administration;at meanwhile relieving the thinking shackles of executive staffs,strengthening the education consciousness of the poor and improving the micro-environment of poverty alleviation through education.