基于微卫星标记的拟鲤遗传多样性及群体遗传结构分析

Genetic diversity and population genetic structure of Rutilus rutilus based on microsatellite genetic markers

利用16对多态性微卫星标记对新疆额尔齐斯河干流北湾河段、支流哈巴河以及乌伦古湖拟鲤(Rutilus rutilus)3个地理群体的遗传多样性及遗传结构进行了分析。结果显示,16个微卫星位点的平均多态信息含量PIC、期望杂合度He和等位基因数AN分别为0.902 9、0.916 8和18.937 5,遗传参数均反映出3个群体较高的遗传多样性水平。乌伦古湖群体的遗传多样性水平略低于哈巴河和北湾群体。主成分分析表明,影响乌伦古湖群体与哈巴河和北湾群体间遗传多样性差异的主要因素可能为盐度。遗传分化指数和UPGMA聚类分析显示3个群体间均未发生种群遗传分化。分子变异分析(AMOVA)显示个体间的变异贡献率为88.47%,仅少部分变异来源于群体间(1.83%),表明拟鲤3个群体间的遗传变异水平较低。

Sixteen microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of Rutilus rutilus from the Beiwan section of the main stream,Habahe River and Ulungur Lake in the Irtysh River basin.The expected heterozygosity,average number of alleles and polymorphism information content were 0.916 8,18.937 5 and 0.902 9,respectively,suggesting higher level of genetic diversity.The genetic diversity of fish in Ulungur Lake was relatively lower than that in Irtysh River.The principal component analysis showed that salinity might be the major factor for genetic diversity between Ulungur Lake and the other two sampling sites.F st and UPGMA cluster showed that the three populations were almost non-differentiated.AMOVA analysis revealed a high genetic variation within individuals(88.47%),while the genetic variation among populations was low(1.83%),indicating lower variation levels among the three populations.