理学宗派的文学转向——南宋艾轩学派的地域诗学属性

The Poetics Turn of the Neo-Confucianism School:the Regional Poetics of Ai Xuan School in Southern Song Dynasty

宋代以降,江南各地文学经历凝定、转化、提升,其别具特点的地域色彩渐次形成。在特定历史时段中,理学宗派参与了地域文学的塑造,由林光朝开创的艾轩学派即是如此。从学术谱系上看,艾轩学派乃伊洛正统,却表现出独特的学术品格,"终宋之世别为源流",主要学术活动集中于莆田及周边地区。道艺双修为学派的重要特征,由此衍生艾轩诗学。从"学—诗"关系着眼,可将艾轩学派分为前后两期,前期为"诗因学成"的阶段,后期为"学因诗传"的阶段。艾轩学派成员之间联系十分紧密、持久,以莆中为中心交织起复杂的群体网络,使学派具有鲜明的地域色彩。这深刻影响了他们的诗歌写作,诗作呈现出明显的宗派性、亲族性和地域性,并促成艾轩学派与地方文化的深入交融及其与地方诗学的紧密联系。艾轩学派在莆中的生成、传衍,使莆中终宋之世保持着独特的理学环境和文学氛围;经过艾轩学派持续浸润,莆中儒学因此昌盛,"人号之为小邹鲁"。借重于艾轩学派树立为莆中儒学传统,作为宗派重要内容的艾轩诗学,地位也无形中被强化、提升,融入此方诗学传统,泽惠深远。

Abstract:After the Song Dynasty,regional literary characteristics with distinctive characteristics in different parts of Jiangnan gradually formed.In a specific historical period,the Neo-Confucianism School participate in the shaping of regional literature.The Ai Xuan school created by Lin Guangchao.In terms of academic pedigrees,Ai Xuan School is a Yiluo Orthodox,but it has a unique academic character.The main academic activities is concentrated in Putian and the surrounding areas.Philosophy and literature are both important features of the school,from which Ai Xuan's poetics was derived.From the perspective of the"philosophy-poetics"relationship,Ai Xuan school of thought can be divided into two periods.The first period is the stage when"the poet group is attached to the school".The second stage is the stage when the school relies on the poetry school.The poetry school became an important form of maintaining the school of thought.The members of the Aixuan keep a relationship.The connection is very close and lasting.The complex group network is interwoven with Puzhong as the center,giving the school a distinctive regional color.This profoundly affected their poetry writing,which made the poems clearly sectarian,kinship,and regional.This led to the deep integration of Ai Xuan School and local culture,and its close connection with local poetics.The creation and transmission of the Ai Xuan school in Puzhong maintained a unique intellectual environment and literary atmosphere.After continuous infiltration by the Ai Xuan School,Confucianism in the Puzhong Province was prosperous.With the emphasis on the Ai Xuan school as the Confucian tradition of Puzhong,poetics,as an important part of the sect,has been virtually strengthened,promoted,and integrated into the local poetic tradition.