1928—1935年国军陆军制式武器的选定

Selection of National Revolutionary Army's Standard Weapons before the Outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,1928-1935

全面抗战爆发前,国军陆军武器性能落后,型号混乱,亟待中央制定统一的制式标准。1928年底,军政部兵工署成立,下辖设计科专司制式武器的选型工作。1932年6月,兵工署组织召开第一次制式兵器会议,但因会议仓促,仅在理论层面有所建树,所选制式武器未获军政部通过。会议结束后,兵工署依靠德国援助和自身努力,从标准化生产入手,成功仿制一批国外武器,奠定制式武器的生产基础。1934年底,军事委员会组织召开第二次制式兵器会议,出台初步的审查意见。1935年1月,军制研究会召开,会议第三组经过研讨,最终确定各类步兵主战武器的制式。然而,因生产基础薄弱和马政落后,炮兵制式武器的选定未获成功。

Before the War of Resistance,the performances of National Revolutionary Army s were poor and the models were confused,urgently needing the central government to made unified standards.At the end of 1928,the Bureau of Ordnance of the Ministry of War was established and its Designing Department was responsible for the selections of standard weapons.In June 1932,the Bureau of Ordnance organized the first conference on standard weapons.However,due to the haste of the conference,it only got some theoretical achievements,and the standard weapons they selected were not adopted by the Ministry of War.After the conference,relying on the aid of Germany and its own efforts,and starting from standardized production,the Bureau of Ordnance successfully copied a batch of foreign weapons,and laid the production foundation for standard weapons.At the end of 1934,the Military Commission organized the second conference on standard weapons and issued preliminary review opinions.In January 1935,a conference on military system was held,and the third group finally determined the standards of all kinds of main weapons used by infantry.However,the selection of artillery standard weapons was unsuccessful due to weak production basis and backward horse administration.