曝气漂浮、生长素与修根对茶苗不定根的诱导

Introduction of Adventitious Roots from Tea Seedlings by Aeration Shallow Floating, Plant Growth Substances and Root Cutting

传统茶树育苗采用短穗在黄红壤中扦插,有一定的生根率,但时间过长,一般需要10-12个月;同时茶苗的根系也不够发达,移植时还会伤到根系。探究将枝条用生长素类植物生长物质处理,或将1年生茶苗适当修剪根系,再将枝条或修根茶苗固定在泡沫板上,让其漂浮在间歇曝气的浅层水槽中,以缩短茶树枝条生根时间,增加茶苗根系量,保证移栽不伤根,有效提高树苗成活。结果表明在浅液培养条件下,适宜浓度的植物生长物质能够将茶苗短穗的生根时间缩短到2个月左右。在适宜浓度下,4种植物生长物质促进生根的效果为萘乙酸(NAA)>吲哚丁酸(IBA)>2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)>吲哚乙酸(IAA)。修根的茶苗在此后培养27或28天开始长出新根,在以后的8周中,生根率、新根数以及根长度皆随时间呈线性生长。留长根比留短根处理茶苗生根能力更强。

In traditional propagation of tea plants,short sprouts are cut to insert into the yellow-red soil.The rooting rate is relatively high,but it takes too long a time,generally 10-12 months;and the root system of tea seedlings is not well developed and might be possibly hurt while transplanting.This paper explores the methods for tea branches to root rapidly and develop more roots to ensure the transplanted plants have good roots and increase their survival by steeping tea branches into solution of auxin-type plant growth material,or by cutting roots of annual tea shoots,and then fastening the branches or shoots through a foam board floating in shallow water with aeration.The results showed that under the shallow liquid culture conditions,the appropriate concentration of plant growth substances could induce the development of adventitious roots in about 2 months.The effects of proper concentration of plant growth substance on roots were in the following order:NAA>IBA>2,4-D>IAA.For annual tea shoots with roots cut,new roots grew after 27 or 28 days of culture.In the following 50 days,the rooting rate,new root number and root length all showed linear growth over time.Tea plants with long roots left have developed better roots than those with short roots left.