美国推动中亚南亚能源互联互通的实际作为和真实意图

American Actions and Intentions in Promoting Central and South Asian Energy Interconnection

通过CASA-1000和TAPI两个开拓性的跨区域项目,美国近年来致力于推动中亚和南亚间的能源互联互通。美国政府在前期主动承担霸权供给的责任,组织区域各国采取实质行动,通过国务院和国际开发计划署提供直接帮助,动员国际金融资本参与规划和融资,但同时对两个项目面临的诸多风险未采取防范措施,也没有阻拦中国和俄罗斯参与其中。美国的"有为"和"无为",反映其试图用较少成本构筑以重建阿富汗为核心目标、拉拢中亚和南亚各国但无意与中俄对抗的地区发展格局。当前,两个项目均面临霸权供给无意继续、地区供给有心无力的困境。

Through CASA-1000 and TAPI,two innovative cross-regional programs,the United States has worked to promote energy interconnection between Central and South Asia.From the outset,the United States government proactively took on the hegemon’s role of providing public goods,arranging for all states in the region to take steps in the direction of cooperation,and through the State Department and US AID provided direct support for the programs.The US further mobilized the International Monetary Fund(IMF)to participate in planning and financing of the projects,but did not take any steps to mitigate risk vis-à-vis the two projects,nor did it attempt to block the participation of Russia or China.American“actions”and“inactions”reflect its central objective of re-building Afghanistan at the lowest cost possible,bringing in Central and South Asian countries but without the intent of competing with China and Russia around the direction of development in the region.At present,there is no longer any intent of continuing the hegemonic provision of public goods,and while the region has the will to continue the programs,it faces major limits in terms of capacity.