副猪嗜血杆菌免疫机制研究进展

Research advance on immune mechanism of Haemophilus parasuis

副猪嗜血杆菌(Hps)是常常存在于猪上呼吸道的革兰氏阴性菌,也是革拉泽氏病的病因,该病是以多发性浆膜炎、关节炎和脑炎为特征的全身炎症感染。近年来,对Hps的天然免疫研究表明,猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAMs)能够差异地上调与炎症和吞噬有关的多种基因,细胞在接触Hps时会产生多种促炎细胞因子。Hps菌株对PAMs吞噬的易感性和补体的杀菌作用受毒株的毒力表型影响。然而,在有Hps特异性抗体的情况下,强毒株容易被吞噬。抗菌药物在养猪业中被普遍用于治疗和控制革拉泽氏病,一些常见的抗菌药物已被证明可以减少Hps的定植。本文阐述Hps天然免疫和适应性免疫机制的研究现状,以及恩诺沙星对Hps感染保护性免疫应答的潜在影响。

Haemophilus parasuis is a gram negative bacterium commonly found in the upper respiratory tract and is the etiological agent of Glasser’s disease,a systemic inflammatory infection characterized by polyserositis,arthritis and meningitis.Recent studies on innate immunity to H.parasuis have demonstrated that porcine alveolar macrophages(PAMs)are able to differentially up-regulate several genes related to inflammation and phagocytosis,and several pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced by porcine cells upon exposure to H.parasuis.The susceptibility of H.parasuis strains to phagocytosis by PAMs and the bactericidal effect of complement are influenced by the virulent phenotype of the strains.However,in the presence of specific antibodies against H.parasuis,virulent strains become susceptible to phagocytosis.Antimicrobials are commonly used in the swine industry to help treat and control Glasser’s disease.Some of the common antimicrobials have been shown to reduce colonization by H.parasuis,thus the paper reviews the research on innate and adaptive immune responses to H.parasuis and discusses the potential effect of enrofloxacin on the development of a protective immune response against H.parasuis infection.