傩仪中的面具表征与身份想象——兼谈舞剧《天蝉地傩》的面具之道

On the representation of mask and the imagination of status in Nuo rite——Also discussing the way of mask in dance drama “Tian Chan Di Nuo”

傩仪面具是一种文化语言,也是一种文化表征。面具表征的运作是一种意指实践,但它所表征的意义是通过想象来实现的,不过它可以推动一种现实秩序的建构。通过面具的表征,傩仪还实现了一种由人到神的身份转变,这种转变通过傩仪的神性空间获得认同。在傩仪中,神成为自我的一种镜像。由于面具的这种复杂的表征,舞剧《天蝉地傩》中的傩戏表演也就有了丰富的意蕴。

The mask of Nuo rite is a cultural language,and it is also a cultural representation.The work of mask representation is a signifying practice,but by means of imagination,the meaning which the mask represents is realized.Nevertheless,this realization can promote the construction of realistic order.By the representation of mask,the Nuo rite accomplishes a transfiguration from human to god in divine space.In Nuo rite,god becomes a mirror image of self.As a result of the representation of mask,the Nuo drama performance in Tian Chan Di Nuo has some profound significances.