社会资本视角下乡村治理的困境分析与出路探寻——以恩施州利川市律师事务所参与乡村治理为例

The Exploration on the Dilemma and Outlet of Rural Governance from the Perspective of Social Capital—— Taking the Law Firms' Participation in Rural Governance of Lichuan City in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture as an Example

推进乡村治理的现代转型和优化,是新时代社会治理变革的一个重要课题。社会资本理论提出的涵括共同目标、共享资源、共通价值的认知维,具有网络联系方式、网络联系对象、网络互动强度的结构维,以及容纳信任、互惠规范、义务与期望的关系维,是探索新时代乡村治理转型和优化的一个有效范式。总体审视和案例分析都表明,目前我国乡村治理面临认知缺位、结构不良、网络不全、联系不紧、信任弱化、规范欠缺的困境。走出困境、优化治理、实现善治,需要按照自治、法治、德治相结合的总要求以及认知维、结构维、关系维相联动的路径,着力再造乡村社会资本。

Promoting the modern transformation and optimization of rural governance is an important issue in the reform of social governance in the new era.The social capital theory proposes a cognitive dimension that encompasses common goals,shared resources,and common language.It has the structural dimension of network contact methods,network contact objects,and network interaction intensity,as well as the relationship dimension that accommodates trust,reciprocity norms,obligations and expectations.It is an effective paradigm for exploring the transformation and optimization of rural governance in the new era.The overall review and case studies show that at present our country’s rural governance is facing the dilemmas of absence of awareness,poor structure,incomplete network,loose connection,weakened trust,and lacking of standardizations.To get out of the predicament,optimize governance,and achieve good governance,it needs to focus on rebuilding rural social capital in accordance with the general requirements of the combination of autonomy,the rule of law and the rule of virtue,as well as the path of cognitive dimension,structural dimension,and relational dimension.