金陵大学的经费来源与运作研究(1910-1949)

The Sources and Operation of Fund of University of Nanking,1910-1949

金陵大学是1910年由南京三所基督教书院合并创办的教会大学。作为中国的教会大学,金大的经费主要来源于合作差会、国内外的捐款、学生学杂费与政府补助。至1949年,差会拨款始终是金大最重要的收入来源,是该校保持长时间稳定的经济保证,并体现该校的基督教性质。但随着金大"中国化"与"世俗化"程度的愈益加深,中国政府、团体企业和个人对其捐助越来越多,来自中国的经费渐超美国。政府的补助经费往往体现实效性与导向性,促使教会大学的发展方向符合国家需求。这对金大的生存与发展起到一定的促进作用,但也限制了校方的规划自主性。

University of Nanking incorporated from Methodist,Christian and Presbyterian missionary colleges was a Christian university in Nanjing in 1910.As a Christian university,funds of University of Nanking were from cooperated Mission Broads,special grants,fees and government grants.From 1910 to 1949,Mission Broad appropriations were always the most important income.The receipts reflected the nature of Christianity were the stable economic guarantee of the University.However,with the localization and secularization deepening,Chinese governments,organizations and personals gave the University more and more grants.The Chinese sources were exceeding the U.S.sources.Government grants often reflected the effectiveness and orientation to promote the development the Christian universities in line with national needs.This played a certain role in promoting the survival and development of the University,but also limited the autonomy of the school.