“阴阳两生而参视”:《管子》经济思想要义述论

“The Creation of Yin and Yang,And Harmonizing Both Sides”:Understanding the Essence of Economic Thought of Guanzi

《管子》认为事物皆由对立的"阴—阳"两面构成,"参视"的行为就是要协调和统一阴与阳,得出第三种最佳状态,从而有利于事物的和谐与发展,"阴阳两生而参视"的本质是一分为三与辩证用中,这一哲学认知在《管子》的经济思想中转换为轻重论,意在轻重之间调出"衡",实现经济社会的稳定发展。在具体的运用中,"轻—重—衡"的辩证逻辑扩展为"A然而B""B(A)而不B^+(A^+)""不A不B""亦A亦B"这4种模式,其所达"衡"状态是A、B对立面之间的任意一点,它超越了A、B,是更高层次的动态最优。《管子》运用辩证思维在经济领域系统构建出一个有道体、有论理、有致用的学说体系,实现了中国经济思想的"轴心突破",赋予中国特色经济思维以长久的价值。"阴阳两生而参视"不仅为《管子》经济思想之要义,更是中国特色经济思想之慧命。

Guanzi argues that all the things in the world are created by Yin and Yang,While“harmonizing both sides”implies to unify and coordinate Yin and Yang,and achieve the third ideal state.The essence of“harmonizing both sides”is the Doctrine of the Mean.This philosophic cognition is transformed to Qing-zhong theory of economic thought of Guanzi.The core vision of Qing-zhong theory aims to bring about equilibrium after weighting Qing and Zhong for stabilizing the social economy.In the concrete application,the dialectic approach of“Qing-zhong-equilibrium”is extended to four modes:A also B,B(A)but not B+(A+),neither A nor B,either A or B.The state of equilibrium is the any point between A and B,while it goes beyond A and B to realize dynamic optimal arrangement.Based on the dialectic thinking,the economic thought of Guanzi constructs a complete system consisting of ontology,economic theory and application.It symbolizes breakthrough of Chinese economic thought in axial period,and lays the foundation of economic thinking with Chinese characteristics.“Harmonizing both sides”is not only the essence of economic thought of Guanzi,but also the source of wisdom of economic thought with Chinese characteristics.