从《救蜀楮密奏》看南宋货币白银化

The Changes of the Monetary System in Sichuan in Southern Song Dynasty:A Study Based on a Confidential Document Jiu Shu Shu Mi Zou

南宋末年李曾伯所撰《救蜀楮密奏》记载了宝祐二年(1254)四川钱引总量达到16亿贯、宋廷新发行银会2 800万贯导致的货币危机,提出了集中纸币发行权、以东南会子取代钱引、允许银会和东南会子跨区流通的救弊之策。其部分对策付诸实施后,川蜀地区行用了140多年的钱引为银会所取代。该文论及银会替代钱引的历史,反映了南宋末年纸币严重贬值、铁钱失去纸币准备金功能、纸币跨区流通趋势凸显等方面的情况,表明银两不仅取代铁钱成为川蜀新纸币——银会的价值基准,而且已成为钱引、银会、东南会子等纸币共同的价值标准,逐步成为多元货币体系中的主要货币。

In 1254,1.6 billion Guan paper money(Qian-yin)was circulated in Sichuan market,which was based on the value of iron coin.The Southern Song government still issued another 28 million Guan paper money(Yin-huizi)of Silver value in Sichuan region.A serious currency crisis was broken out.Li zengbo,the main official in charge of Sichuan,submitted a confidential document called Jiu Shu Chu Mi Zou to the emperor to solve the problem.Based on the text of this document and the other historical records,we can find the iron coin value standard of paper money in Sichuan was finally substituted by silver in 1254-1256.The monetary System was changed in Sichuan such as the other regions,and the silver standard become the common standard of the different kinds of paper money including Yin-huizi,Dongnan-huizi,etc.