汉语词汇“恨不得”与“巴不得”的语义差别

The Semantic Differences between Chinese Vocabulary for "Hen bude" and "Ba bude"

该文基于语料事实对"恨不得"与"巴不得"的关系进行梳理,发现"恨不得"既有"恨不能"的意义,又有"巴不得"的意义。但在句法和语义两方面"恨不得"与"巴不得"有所差异。当"恨不得"表示"恨不能"时,具有夸张的意味,表示"盼望时"与"巴不得"相近。在句法方面,"恨不得"具有可实现性且不损害人的利益,但"巴不得"具有虚拟性且损人的意义,两者的语义差别在于"恨"与"巴"的词汇意义残留。

It is based on the materials to study the relationship between"Hen bude"and"Ba bude"in the paper,we find that“Hen bude”has the meaning of"Hen bude"and"Ba bude".However,"Hen bude"and"Ba bude"has big differences in sentence structure and semantics.As"Hen bude"means"Ba bude",there has an exaggerated meaning that is similar to"Ba bude".In terms of syntax,"Hen bude"with meaning that could be realized without harming people's interests,but"Ba bude"could be virtual and harmful.For the sake of the lexicalization meaning,there has the semantic differences between"Hen bude"and"Ba bude".