中国石墨矿产资源现状与国际贸易格局分析

Analysis of China's graphite resources status and international trade pattern

石墨是一种战略新兴矿产,是支撑高新技术发展的重要战略资源。本文从全球视角出发,分析了中国石墨资源储量及其在全球中的地位,并分析了全球和中国石墨贸易格局现状及问题。研究发现:第一,我国石墨资源丰富,资源地位突出;第二,石墨国际贸易呈现"需求方相对分散,供应方高度集中"的特征,以日本、德国、美国、印度等多个国家为进口国,中国为唯一出口大国;第三,中国石墨贸易"高进低出"现象明显,石墨产品附加值低,石墨工业发展较为落后。针对以上问题,本文提出应通过国家提高行业标准、提高科技水平和产品附加值等措施提升我国石墨工业发展在全球贸易中的地位。

Graphite,which is also a kind of strategic emerging mineral,is an important strategic resource supporting for new and high technology development.From the global perspective,the paper analyzes China s graphite resource reserves and its global status,and the global and Chinese graphite trade patterns are analyzed.The study found that:firstly,China is rich in graphite resources,ranking third in the world and outstanding in resource status;secondly,the main characteristics of international graphite trade are that the demand side is relatively dispersed and the supply side is highly concentrated,with Japan,Germany,the United States,India and other countries being importers,China being the only exporter;thirdly,China s graphite trade“high import price and low export price”phenomenon is obvious,and graphite products have low added value,and graphite industry development is relatively backward.In view of the above problems,the paper puts forward by countries should improve the industry standard and improve the level of science and technology and measures to promote the development of China s graphite industry and its position in global trade.