陇东旱塬区复种鲜食玉米生长特性及感官评价

Growth Characteristics and Sensorial Evaluation of Fresh Corn in Multiple Cropping in Longdong Dryland Areas

为了解决陇东旱塬区复种鲜食玉米生产选种困难问题,采用起垄覆膜栽培模式,在陇东地区对5个鲜食玉米进行田间试验研究,对鲜食玉米的植株特性、果穗特征情况进行了统计分析,同时进行感官评价,旨在为该区域鲜食玉米产业化发展提供指导。结果表明,5个鲜食玉米品种均能正常成熟,生育周期为75~83 d,绿色超人最长,为83 d;绿色超人的穗长、穗行数、行粒数和单穗质量分别为22.5 cm,18.1行,41.4粒和0.32 kg,与其他品种呈显著性差异,且籽粒统一,颜色为黄色,但有秃尖发生,感官评价为二级;美甜糯1号和萃甜518的穗粗和穗行数分别为5.2 cm,14.6行和4.9 cm,14.5行,双棒率高,籽粒统一,颜色为白色,皮薄嫩脆,食味性好,感官评价为一级;俏春1号生育期较短,有秃尖,单穗质量为0.21 kg,感官评价为二级;金糯加甜型籽粒不统一,感官评价为三级。美甜糯1号和萃甜518综合评价优,产量高,适宜于陇东旱塬区生产应用。

To solve the problem of seed select in fresh corn production in Longdong dryland areas,the plant characteristics,spike characteristics and sensorial evalution of five fresh corn varieties were studied in main field by ridging mulch plant method,to provide guidance for the industrialization of fresh corn in this area.The results showed that the growth period of five fresh corn varieties was 75-83 d,the growth period of Lüsechaoren was the longest,which was 83 d.Lüsechaoren had a significant spike length,rows,grains and quality of single ear,which were reached to 22.5 cm,18.1 rows,41.4 grains and 0.32 kg,respectively,with yellow grains and barren ear tip,and the sensorial evaluated to was level II.The spike thick and rows of Meitiannuo 1 and Cuitian 518 were reached to 5.2 cm,14.6 lines and 4.9 cm,14.5 lines,with white grains and a high tow-rod rate,which was evaluated to levelⅠ,Qiaochun 1 was evaluated to level II because of barren ear tip,while Jinnuojiatian was levelⅢof inconsistency grains.Meitiannuo 1 and Cuitian 518,which has a higher yield and better evaluation,is suitable for application in Longdong dryland area.