基于波纹管的气压式力促动器设计与实测

Design and Test of a Bellow-Based Pneumatic Force Actuator

针对2 m环形太阳望远镜主镜轴向支撑设计需求和指标,研制了一种基于波纹管的气压式力促动器,开展了全面实验测试。该气压式力促动器采用可伸缩高强度、高弹性金属波纹管作为核心器件,采用线性轴承作为导向机构,并集成单向压力传感器作为力反馈元件,同时在设计中考虑了安装调整工艺便捷性。经测试,该气压式力促动器单向输出力达200 N,输入气压与输出力线性度误差小于2%,力分辨率小于0.23 N,闭环力精度优于±0.3 N。测试结果验证了该气压式力促动器原理和结构简单,安装维护工艺良好,达到了设计指标,可满足2 m环形太阳望远镜主镜轴向支撑的需求。研制工作为气压式力促动器的设计细节改进及主镜支撑系统的工艺优化奠定了基础,并可为其它精密光学镜面支撑系统的工程应用提供参考。

According to the design requirements and technical specification for the axial support of the primary mirror of the 2-m Ring Solar Telescope(RST),a Bellow-based Pneumatic Force Actuator(BPFA)was developed and comprehensive tests were carried out.A metal bellow was used as a tensile core pneumatic cylinder of high-strength and high-elasticity.With a linear bearing as the guide for force output,the BPFA integrated a pressure sensor to force detection and feedback.The convenience of installation,adjustment and maintenance have also been taken into consideration.The test results shows that the output pushing force of the BPFA is up to 200N with a full scale linearity error less than 2%.And the closed-loop correction output force falls within the range of±0.3N,with a force resolution of 0.23N.The tests have verified the feasible design by its clear principle,simple structure,easy installation and maintenance of the pneumatic force actuator.The BPFA meets the axial support technical requirements of the ring primary mirror of the 2-m RST.The development and research of the BPFA paves a concrete way for the improvement of its detailed design and the optimization of the axial support system for the ring mirror,it shall also provide a reference for other precision optical mirror support systems.