基于两面投影为全等几何图形的组合体构型设计

Configuration Design for Assembly of Congruent Geometric Figure Based on Two-Sided Projection

组合体投影分析与构型设计是工程图学课程的基本内容之一,是工程师阅读工程图样和设计零件几何结构细节的基础。为此,通过一系列示例,提出一种基于等腰三角形、等腰直角三角形、正方形、圆形及方圆组合组成的全等几何图形作为两面投影,以棱柱、棱锥、圆柱、圆锥、圆球和圆环等基本单元通过线面/形体分析法进行空间发散构思进而派生多种组合体及其第三面投影,并用CATIA软件建立对应的三维几何模型。该方法为拓展空间思维能力和几何构型设计提供了基本素材,增强了投影分析过程的逻辑性和趣味性。

Projection analysis and configuration design of assembly constitute one of the essential contents in engineering graphics course.It lays foundation for engineers to read technical drawings,and design details of geometric structures of machine parts.For this purpose,a series of example are shown based on isosceles triangles,isosceles right triangles,squares,circles,and combinations of squares as two-sided projection.And spatial divergence conception is worked out by means of line-surface and shape-volume analysis of basic units as prism,pyramid,cylinder,cone,sphere and torus.In result,assembly of various geometric shapes and the third projection are derived.3D geometric models are implemented using CATIA software.It strengthens the ability of spatial ideation,provides fundamental samples for geometric configuration design,and enhances logicality and interestingness in the process of projection analysis.