再生障碍性贫血患者医院感染相关因素分析与预防

Risk Factor of Nosocomial Infection in Patients With Aplastic Anemia and Prevention

目的探讨分析与再生障碍性贫血患者医院感染相关的危险因素,提出有效的预防措施。方法选取200例2016年10月—2017年10月在笔者医院收治的再生障碍性贫血患者,统计感染率及感染部位,对再生障碍性贫血患者医院感染的相关因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果医院感染46例,医院感染新发病例(例次)94例,感染率和医院感染发病(例次)率分别为23.0%与47.0%,感染部位主要发生在上呼吸道、肺部以及口腔,多为革兰氏阳性菌感染;且感染主要与患者年龄、住院时间、侵入性操作、白细胞计数、合并症、以及免疫抑制剂、激素或抗菌剂的使用存在相关性,是再生障碍性贫血患者医院感染的危险因素。结论再生障碍性贫血患者医院感染受众多因素影响,需对患者实施有效的预防措施,降低医院感染率。

Objective To discuss and analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with aplastic anemia,and propose effective preventive measures.Methods Totally 200 cases of patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia treated in our hospital from October 2016 to October 2017 were selected,the infection rate and infections position were statistically analyzed,the risk factors related to nosocomial infection of aplastic anemia were analyzed by using Logistic regression analysis.Results 46 cases and 94 case-times of nosocomial infection were detected,the infection rate and case-time infection rate was 23.0%and 47.0%,respectively.Upper respiratory tract infection,lung infection and oral cavity infection were the most frequent infection sites.Gram-negative bacterial infection was the highest.There was a correlation between the nosocomial infection and the age of the patients,length of hospital stay,invasive operation,white blood cell count,complications,and the use of immunosuppressive agent,hormones and antimicrobial agents,the above-mentioned factors were the risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with aplastic anemia.Conclusion The nosocomial infection in patients with aplastic anemia was influenced by multitudinous factors,and effective preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.