基于CPTED理论的高校校园空间环境改造研究

Research on Campus Space Environment Reformation Based on CPTED Theory

安全的高校校园空间环境是学生接受教育、进行生活交往的必要条件.以安徽省某高校为例,对随机问卷调查结果以及官方公布的违法犯罪案例数据进行分析,结果显示校园违法犯罪活动主要是盗窃行为.校园空间环境问题涉及空间环境布局、空间环境要素、空间环境管理与维护3个方面,相关问题分别产生于规划设计、使用运营、维护管理3个阶段.研究发现,高校校园空间违法犯罪高发区存在自然监视缺乏、形象维护不佳、空间活动氛围差等环境特征.高校师生群体对于校园环境安全认知不够全面,受害主体自身疏忽大意导致多起案件发生.基于CPTED理论体系从领域感、自然监视、通道控制、形象维护、活动支持及目标加固6个方面提出了校园空间环境改造的具体措施.

The safe campus space environment is a necessary condition for students to receive education and life.Taking a university in Anhui Province for an example,this paper analyzes the random questionnaire survey and the official data of illegal and criminal cases,and the results show that the campus illegal and criminal activities are mainly theft.The campus space environment problems are about the space environment layout,space environment elements,space environment management and maintenance,and the related problems are generated about planning and design,operation and maintenance management.The study found that the campus space crime high-incidence areas lack of natural monitoring,poor image maintenance,space activities and other environmental characteristics.The awareness of college teachers and students on campus environment safety is not comprehensive enough,and the negligence of the victim caused many cases.Based on CPTED theory system,this paper puts forward the concrete measures of the campus space environment transformation from territoriality,surveillance,access control,environmental maintenance,activity and target hardening.