中华鳖4个品系营养成分分析与比较

ANALYSIS ON NUTRIENT COMPOSITIONS IN THE MUSCLES OF FOUR STRAINS OF PELODISCUS SINENSIS

为了解墨鳖的营养价值,对墨鳖、野生中华鳖、淮河鳖和日本鳖肌肉的一般营养成分、氨基酸含量、脂肪酸含量及裙边胶原蛋白进行测定和比较。结果显示:(1)4个品系鳖肌肉水分含量分别为80.84%、79.48%、81.57%和79.25%,墨鳖显著高于野生鳖和日本鳖(P<0.05);粗蛋白含量分别是17.82%、17.60%、15.93%和16.40%,墨鳖含量最高,显著高于淮河鳖和日本鳖(P<0.05);粗脂肪含量分别是0.42%、1.43%、0.65%和1.06%,墨鳖显著低于其他鳖(P<0.05);4个品系鳖灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)4个品系鳖肌肉中总氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量均以墨鳖最高。(3)4个品系鳖不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为65.19%、56.44%、59.32%和54.73%,墨鳖显著高于其他鳖(P<0.05),其中墨鳖单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于野生鳖(P<0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于其他3个品系(P<0.05);饱和脂肪酸含量分别为32.50%、41.85%、39.41%和39.98%,墨鳖显著低于其他鳖(P<0.05)。(4)墨鳖肌肉中DHA和EPA含量与野生鳖差异不显著(P>0.05),显著高于淮河鳖和日本鳖(P<0.05),花生四烯酸(AA)含量显著高于其他3个品系鳖(P<0.05)。(5)4个品系鳖裙边胶原蛋白含量均较高,为160.6—170.4 mg/g。结果表明墨鳖是一种营养价值高、肉味鲜美的地方品系。

Ink turtle is one stain of P.sinensis in south Anhui province,which is very popular in local market.In this study,the differences of basic nutrient compositions,including amino acid and fatty acid contents in the muscles,and collagen contents in the calipash of four strains of P.sinensis were compared,which are ink turtle,wild turtle,Huai River turtle,and T.japonicus.The results showed as follows:(1)the moisture contents in the muscles of four strains were 80.40%,79.48%,81.57%and 79.25%,respectively.The moisture contents in ink turtles and Huai River turtles were significantly higher than those in the wild turtle and T.japonicas(P<0.05).The crude protein contents in the four strains were 17.82%,17.60%,15.93%and 16.40%,respectively.The crude protein content in ink turtle was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in the Huai River turtle and T.japonicus(P<0.05).The crude fat contents were 0.42%,1.43%,0.65%and 1.06%,respectively.The crude fat content in ink turtles was significantly lower than that in other strains(P<0.05),while the ash showed no significant difference among each other(P>0.05).(2)The ink turtle had the highest contents of TAA and DAA in muscles.(3)The UFA in the four strains of P.sinensis was 65.19%,56.44%,59.20%and 54.73%,respectively,which was significantly higher in the ink turtle than in other strains(P<0.05).The content of MUFA in ink turtle was significantly lower than in wild turtle,while the content of PUFA in ink turtle was significantly higher than in other strains(P<0.05).The contents of SFA in the four strains of P.sinensis were 35.20%,41.85%,39.41%and 39.98%,respectively,which was significantly lower in ink turtle than that in other strains(P<0.05).(4)The contents of DHA and EPA in ink turtle were significantly higher than those in the Huai River turtle and T.japonicus,which had no significant difference with those in wild turtle.AA in muscles of ink turtle was significantly higher than that in other stains(P<0.05).(5)There was no obvious difference in the collagen content at calipash among the four strains of P.sinensis(P>0.05).Therefore,the ink turtle is an indigenous strain with high nutritive value and delicious flavor.