抑癌基因与癌基因的最新研究进展

Latest progress of the tumor suppressor gene and oncogene

正常情况下,抑癌基因通过抑制细胞周期,促进细胞衰老,或促进细胞凋亡来监控细胞状态,防止细胞异常增殖。相反,癌基因则是通过使细胞逃逸周期抑制,促进细胞异常增殖,阻止细胞凋亡,从而导致细胞癌变。但是,在不同细胞背景或基因突变状态下,抑癌基因可能转变为癌基因的功能,反之亦然。

Under normal circumstances,tumor suppressor gene monitors cellular proliferation signals and prevents abnormal cell proliferation through inhibiting cell cycle progress,promoting cell senescence or apoptosis,thus achieves the function of cancer inhibition.On the contrary,the function of oncogene is to facilitate cell to escape from cell cycle control and promote the cell proliferation.Oncogenes may also inhibit cell apoptosis and results in uncontrollable cell growth.However,tumor suppressor gene may be converted to oncogene in different cellular context and gene mutation status,and vice versa.