“第三类城市化”与“吾民无地”再论——一个土地制度与半城镇化的视角

A Review on “the Third Types of Urbanization” and “WU Min WU DI”:The Perspective of Land Institution and Peri-urbanization

讨论城镇化的中国式路径越来越离不开对农地制度的研究。该领域的研究主要有两类鲜明的观点:土地制度优势下的"第三类城市化"与"吾民无地"的"外生型城镇化"。首先评述了"第三类城市化"的观点,认为:它所秉持的"制度遗产论"有待商榷,囿于其核心论点"返乡权"下的城镇化路径,是非公平与效率的表达,是以牺牲农村人口的权利主张为前提。再次,讨论了"吾民无地"的私权城镇化主张,但本文分析认为:私有化道路将会加剧农村社区之间的不平等,因为城市远郊社区无法通过土地增值分享城镇化发展红利,势必陷入土地私有化陷阱。最后,本文讨论了未来农地制度设计的基本取向可能是:通过三权分置的制度设计赋予农民农地市场化退出权利,籍此以彰示农民对农地的经济权主张,并解绑农地制度与城镇化的关联。

Firstly,this paper review the views of“the third types of Urbanization”,arguing that the right of return under the theory of institutional heritage is not the expression of fairness and efficiency.Because it doesn’t consider the rights of rural population.Secondly,We discussed the idea of privatizing ownership of the land.Land in rural communities in the outer suburbs has no room for appreciation,so it will exacerbate inequality among rural communities.