猪肠道微生物区系的形成及营养调控

Formation of Intestinal Microflora in Pigs and Nutrients Regulation

猪肠道微生物区系的建立是一个非常复杂的过程。微生物与宿主之间在长期的进化与演变过程中形成了一种相互依赖、相互制约的微生态平衡。肠道微生物在宿主动物的生长发育、器官功能、营养代谢、机体免疫等方面发挥了重要作用。微生物区系的形成与动态平衡受到内部和外部多种因素的影响与制约,特别是不同营养素(碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪等)对猪肠道微生物菌群的组成具有重要影响。本文着重探讨了猪肠道微生物区系的形成特点和主要营养素对其调控的影响。

The establishment process of intestinal microflora in pigs is a very complex process.Microbes and their animal host depend on each other and compete and restrict each other to format a dynamic equilibrium system in the long-term evolution.Intestinal microorganism plays an important role in animal host growth and development,organ function,nutritional metabolism,immune function and other aspects.The colonization and evolution of microflora are influenced by many internal and external factors.In particular,diet nutrients(carbohydrate,protein,fat,etc.)have an important influence on the composition of intestinal microflora in pigs.This review focuses on the formation features of intestinal microflora and the impact of major nutrients in pigs.