共轭亚油酸对开产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄硬度和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响

Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Performance,Egg Quality,Yolk Firmness and Yolk Fatty Acid Composition of Primiparous Laying Hens

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加共轭亚油酸(CLA)对开产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、蛋黄硬度和蛋黄脂肪酸组成的影响。采用单因素随机试验设计,选用产蛋率、体重相近的18周龄海兰褐蛋鸡630只,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每个重复15只鸡,分别饲喂添加0、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%和6%CLA的试验饲粮,预试期1周,正试期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮CLA添加水平≤2%时,对蛋鸡的生产性能、蛋品质无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮添加2%~4%CLA可增加蛋壳厚度(P>0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥3%时,产蛋率显著降低(P<0.05),蛋黄硬度显著增加(P<0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,平均日采食量和腹脂率显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮CLA添加水平≥5%时,料蛋比显著升高(P<0.05),蛋黄比例显著降低(P<0.05)。2)1%、2%CLA添加组蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮CLA添加水平≥4%时,蛋黄中C16∶0、C18∶0和SFA含量显著增加(P<0.05),C16∶1、C18∶1、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。蛋黄中CLA含量随饲粮CLA添加水平的增加呈显著二次升高(P<0.01),c9,t11-CLA的富集量是t10,c12-CLA的1.47倍。综上,饲粮添加2%CLA,可以改善蛋壳质量,降低蛋黄中SFA含量,蛋黄中可富集一定量的CLA,且不影响蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)on performance,egg quality,yolk firmness and yolk fatty acid composition of primiparous laying hens.Six hundred and thirty 18-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens with similar body weight and laying rate were randomly divided into 7 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 hens per replicate by single factor randomized test design.Laying hens were fed the experimental diets contained 0,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%and 6%CLA,respectively.The adaptation period lasted for 1 week and the formal period lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the performance and egg quality of laying hens in 1%and 2%CLA groups were no significant differences(P>0.05).Compared with control group,eggshell thickness in 2%,3%and 4%CLA groups was increased(P>0.05),laying rate in 3%,4%,5%and 6%CLA groups was significantly decreased and yolk firmness was significantly increased(P<0.05),average daily feed intake and abdominal fat rate in 4%,5%and 6%groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the ratio of feed to egg in 5%and 6%CLA groups was significantly increased and yolk percentage was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)The contents of C16∶0,C18∶0 and saturated fatty acid(SFA)in yolk in 1%and 2%CLA groups were significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the contents of C16∶0,C18∶0 and SFA in yolk in 4%,5%and 6%groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the contents of C16∶1,C18∶1,monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The content of CLA in yolk was quadratically significantly increased with the increase of CLA supplemental level(P<0.01).The enrichment of c 9,t 11-CLA in yolk was 1.47 times of t 10,c 12-CLA.It is concluded that diet supplemented with 2%CLA can improve the quality of eggshell,decrease the content of SFA in yolk and a certain amount of CLA can be enriched in yolk,and has no effects on performance and egg quality of laying hens.