酿酒酵母培养物对泌乳奶牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清指标的影响

Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture on Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Indices of Lactating Dairy Cows

本试验旨在研究酿酒酵母培养物对泌乳奶牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清生化和免疫指标的影响。选取产奶量、胎次和泌乳天数相近的健康荷斯坦泌乳奶牛45头,随机分成3个组,每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮组,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别在基础饲粮中添加精料量1%和2%的酿酒酵母培养物。预试期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅱ组产奶量极显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01);试验Ⅰ组产奶量较对照组提高了0.36 kg/d,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的干物质采食量较对照组分别提高了0.22和0.46 kg/d,但差异不显著(P>0.05);各组之间乳成分和饲料转化效率差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组干物质表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组粗蛋白表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各组之间中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组丙血清氨酸转移酶活性极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),试验Ⅱ组血清免疫球蛋白G含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),各组之间其他各项血清生化和免疫指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加精料量2%的酿酒酵母培养物可显著提高泌乳奶牛生产性能,改善机体免疫能力,从而增加牧场经济效益。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical and immune indices of Holstein lactating dairy cows.Forty-five Holstein dairy cows with similar milk yield,parity and lactation days were randomly assigned into 3 groups with 15 replicates per group and 1 cow per replicate.Cows in the control group were fed a basal diet,and cows in trial groupⅠand trial groupⅡwere fed the basal diets supplemented with 1%and 2%concentrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 10 days,and the trial period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)the milk yield of groupⅡwas significant higher than that of control group and groupⅠ(P<0.01).Meanwhile,compared with the control group,the milk yield of groupⅠincreased by 0.36 kg/d,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the dry matter intake of groupⅠand groupⅡincreased by 0.22 and 0.46 kg/d,respectively,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in milk composition and feed efficiency among all groups(P>0.05).3)The dry matter apparent digestibility of groupⅠand groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);the crude protein apparent digestibility of groupⅡwas significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber among all groups(P>0.05).4)The serum alanine transferase activity of groupⅠand groupⅡwas significant lower than that of control group(P<0.01),the serum immunoglobulin G content of groupⅡwas significant higher than that of control group(P<0.01),there were no significant differences in the other serum biochemical and immune indices among all groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,diets supplemented with 2%concentrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture can significantly improve the performance of lactating dairy cows,improve the body immune function,and increase the economic benefits of farms.