氨气对畜禽肌肉品质的影响

Effects of Ammonia on Meat Quality in Livestock and Poultry

舍内氨气暴露是影响畜禽生长和健康的重要环境因素之一。氨气暴露不但危害畜禽生长性能,还对畜禽肉品质产生影响。研究表明,氨可以通过核因子κ增强子结合蛋白(NF-κB)信号通路诱导肌肉生长抑素(MSTN)表达,抑制哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号通路,从而抑制骨骼肌生长、蛋白质合成;氨气可以调控与脂肪代谢相关基因的表达,影响体脂分布。本文从舍内氨气产生、氨体内代谢、氨暴露对畜禽生长性能和肉品质的影响以及氨影响肉品质的可能分子机制方面进行综述,以期为改善养殖环境因子、提高畜禽肉品质提供新的依据和思路。

Ammonia exposure is one of the most important environmental factors in the livestock and poultry houses,which affects the growth and health of animals.Ammonia exposure not only endanger the growth performance of livestock and poultry,but also affect the quality of livestock and poultry meat.Recent studies also demonstrate that ammonia can induce the expression of myostatin(MSTN)by nuclear factor kappa enhancer binding protein(NF-κB)signal pathway,and inhibit the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signal pathway,which inhibit the growth and protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle.It also can regulate the expression of fat-related genes and redirect the fat deposition.In order to provide new evidence and strategy to improve meat quality via environmental control,this paper reviewed ammonia production,ammonia metabolism in vivo,the effects of ammonia exposure on the growth performance and meat quality of livestock and poultry as well as possible molecular mechanisms of ammonia affecting meat quality.