2种饲料投喂下草鱼肌肉品质的比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Flesh Quality of Grass Crap ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) Fed with Two Kinds of Feeds

本试验以皇竹草粉饲料为试验组,以商品配合饲料为对照组,投喂平均体重为(300.00±10.00)g的草鱼2个月,对其生长性能、形体指标以及肌肉pH、系水力、质构特性、常规营养成分含量、微量元素含量、氨基酸组成和营养价值进行比较分析。结果表明:试验组草鱼的内脏重、肝脏重、腹腔脂肪重、脏体指数、肝体指数及腹脂指数均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),肥满度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而空壳率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。试验组草鱼肌肉的弹性、咀嚼性、胶着性和硬度均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),黏聚性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组草鱼肌肉pH、滴水损失、失水率和冷冻渗出率均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。试验组草鱼肌肉的粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),铁(Fe)含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。试验组和对照组草鱼肌肉中均含有16种氨基酸,氨基酸总量分别为17.43%和17.23%。试验组和对照组草鱼肌肉中各种氨基酸含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),必需氨基酸指数分别为84.66和84.94。由此得出,与商品配合饲料相比,投喂皇竹草粉饲料可改善草鱼的肌肉品质。

In this experiment,grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)at the average body weight of(300.00±10.00)g were fed two different feeds which were Pennisetum sinese Roxb meal feed(trial group)and commercial formulate feed(control group)for two months.The growth performance,physical indicators,and the muscle pH,waterholding capacity,texture properties,common nutritional component contents,mineral element contents,amino acid composition and nutrient value of grass crap were comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the viscera weight,liver weight,intraperitoneal fat weight,viscera somatic index(VSI),hepatosomatic index(HSI)and intraperitoneal fat index(IFI)of the trial group were extremely significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01),and the condition factor was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),whereas the carcass rate of the trial group was extremely significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).Some texture property indicators of muscle of grass crap such as springiness,hardness,chewiness and gumminess of the trial group were extremely significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.01),and the cohesiveness was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The muscle pH,drip loss,thawing loss rate and liquid loss rate of the trial group were extremely significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01).The content of crude fat in muscle of the trial group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The content of iron(Fe)in the trial group was extremely significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The muscle of grass carp both of trial group and control group contained 16 amino acids,accounting for 17.43%and 17.23%,respectively.Each amino acid content in muscle had no significant difference between trial group and control group(P>0.05).The essential amino acid index of the trial group was 84.66 compared with 84.94 for the control group.Hence,compared with the commercial formulate feed,the Pennisetum sinese Roxb meal feed can improve the flesh quality of grass crap.