二氧化碳液-气相变膨胀破岩技术及应用

Technology and application of the rock breaking by CO_2 liquid-gas phase transition and expansion

通过阐述CO2液-气相变膨胀破岩技术的历史沿革、技术原理和破岩装置,结合露天台阶破岩、块体破岩、孤石破岩、隧道掘进工程应用案例,说明了CO2液-气相变膨胀破岩技术是一种污染小、危害小的新型破岩方法,可以解决特殊环境下不能使用炸药爆破破岩的难题。作为一种新型破岩方法,其相变机理、孔内应力场变化规律、与炸药破岩效果对比、破岩装置结构及材料优化等还需要深入研究,在全国范围内形成规范管理的模式还有待进一步推进。

The history,technical principle and rock breaking device of the rock breaking technology by CO 2 liquid-gas phase transition and expansion are expounded.Combining with the application cases of the open bench rock breaking,the block rock breaking,the isolated rock breaking and the tunnel excavation,the characteristics of the technology with little pollution and little harm are proved.As a new type of rock breaking method,the technology can be used to solve the problem of rock breaking in special cases where explosives are not allowed.But the mechanism of the phase change,the law of change of the stress field,the rock breaking effects comparing with explosive and the optimization of the structure and material of the rock breaking device need to be further studied,the model of standardized management across the country needs to be further advanced.