生存叙事视域下的共同体理论演变解读

An Analysis of Community Theory form the Perspective of Human Existence Narration

共同体是人类社会生活中的一种重要组织形式,在人类历史当中扮演着不可或缺的重要角色。其作为一个学术概念被创立到被解构的过程,反映了人类生活从集体生存到个体化的历史演进及个体与集体之间的复杂博弈。换言之,共同体是理解人类生存叙事的一个重要线索,诸多经典作家对此进行了相关的理论解读,构成了一个共同体的理论谱系。通过对这一理论谱系的梳理,以此呈现出共同体理论的流变过程,同时亦反映出人们对于共同体的时代理解以及共同体对于人的意义变迁。这体现为共同体由前现代的生存家园变为现代的个人选择,而人们在日渐脱离共同体的同时又在不断试图回归共同体。这一进程,实际体现为人在寻求归属与渴望独立的历史抉择,以及人作为个体与成员的生存叙事。

Community is an important organizational form in human society,and it has been playing an essential role in human history.The process from construction to deconstruction of the academic concept of“community”reflects the evolution of human life from collective existence to individualization,which is also a complicated game between collectivity and individual.Community is a key clue to the understanding the narration of human existence which have been analyzed by many authors,and they have formed a theoretical framework.A review of this theoretical spectrum may reveal the evolution of community theory,and how people understand the community in certain times.The meaning of community to people has gone through a change which started from a home for survival in the pre-modern era to a personal choice in modern times.In this process,people gradually separate themselves from community on one hand,and continually attempt to come back to community on the other hand.The essence of this process is a human choice between seeking attribution and independence,which is presented as a human existence narration in an individual or a member of the community.