上海市主要固体废物处置现状及未来展望

Status Quo and Future Prospect of the Disposal of Main Solid Wastes in Shanghai

根据2006-2015年上海市固体废物污染环境防治信息资料,分析了上海市工业固体废物(含危险废物)、城市生活垃圾和建筑垃圾等主要固体废物的产生情况及处理处置现状。分析指出,近年来上海市固体废物产生量大,其中工业固体废物年产量约2200万t,生活垃圾年产量约700万t,建筑垃圾(渣土)申报量已高达1.0亿t/a以上。从处理现状看,工业固体废物在各类固废中的综合利用率最高,高达95%以上;生活垃圾处置方式以卫生填埋和焚烧为主,无害化处理率100%,但其处置设施基本处于满负荷运行状态;建筑垃圾总体以回填和填埋为主,利用率较低。展望了未来城市固体废物处理前景,指出:为进一步提高上海市固体废物的处置能力和利用水平,宜加强危险废物的安全处置与全过程管理,加快生活垃圾的分类回收利用和处置设施能力建设,以及加大建筑垃圾的资源化利用力度。

Based on the information on environmental pollution prevention of municipal solid wastes in Shanghai in the period of 2006 to 2015,the generation and disposal status of main solid wastes including industrial solid waste(containing hazardous waste),municipal household garbage and construction waste were analysed.It indicated that a large amount of municipal solid wastes was generated in Shanghai in recent years covering annual outputs of about 22 million tonnes of industrial solid waste,7 million tonnes of household garbage,and up to 100 million tonnes of construction waste(debris).In view of the present disposal,over 95%of industrial solid waste were comprehensively utilised,100%household waste was harmlessly treated mainly by means of landfill and incineration whilst the disposal facilities being basically operated at full load,and the main disposal ways of construction waste were only backfill and landfill with rather low utilisation rate.Having made the prospect of municipal solid waste disposal,it pointed out that to further upgrade municipal solid waste disposal capacity and utilisation level in Shanghai,it should strengthen the secure disposal and process management of hazardous waste,speed up capacity building for the garbage classification recycling and disposal facilities,and increase the resource utilisation of construction waste.