谁的“上帝之赌”?--帕斯卡尔与中国

Whose “Bet on God”?: The Relationship between Blaise Pascal and China

帕斯卡尔是享有世界声誉的文学家和思想家,人文学界以往大多聚焦在平行研究方面探讨帕斯卡尔对中国文化的可能影响。实际上帕斯卡尔与东西文明交流的关系不仅限于此,其与中国文化之间还有着多重更为直接与特别的事实联系。影响深远的"上帝之赌"到底是谁率先提出来的?以相关原始文献为中心,可以考辨庞迪我在中文语境下提出的"上帝之赌"与远在千里之外的帕斯卡尔"打赌说"两种学说各自的产生背景、思想蕴涵,厘清两者间是否存有一种影响的可能性;在以上研究的基础上,可以尝试从道德神学、圣经年代学以及上帝存在的证明这三个方面全面梳理帕斯卡尔与中国社会宗教的渊源,辨析莱布尼茨、帕斯卡尔与中国耶稣会之间的三角关系,以期在中国还原出真正的帕斯卡尔。

Scholars in the literal circle used to focus on parallel research to explore the possible influence of Pascal,a world-renowned litterateur and thinker,on Chinese culture.In effect,as for his influence on the communication between the Eastern and Western civilizations,he did has some direct and specific factual connections with Chinese culture.Who put forward the influential“Bet on God”first?Based on related original texts,this paper explores the background and intellectual implications of Diego de Pantoja s“Bet on God”in Chinese context and Pascal s doctrine of“gambling”,trying to figure out the possible influence between them.Then this paper examines the connection between Pascal and the religions in Chinese society in terms of moral theology,the chronological study of the Bible and the arguments for the existence of God and analyzes the triangle relations among Leibniz,Pascal and the Jesuits in China,hoping to discover the real Pascal in China.