工业革命时期英国传统体育运动变迁研究

Research on the Changes of Traditional British Sports during the Industrial Revolution

运用文献资料法对工业革命时期英国传统体育运动的变迁进行考察。研究认为:工业革命初期,经济扩张与社会变革催生的社会团体试图改变旧有体育运动,但囿于英国地方传统习惯与拿破仑战争等影响,效果甚微;滑铁卢之后,英国政府对待体育运动立场发生转变,加之宗教、防止虐待动物协会等社会力量的成长,传统体育运动逐渐受到限制,趋于衰落或规范。通过对英国传统体育运动变迁的考察,可以加深对于体育运动与社会变革关系的认识,进一步理解19世纪后半期现代体育在英国的形成过程。

This paper uses literature review to examine the changes of the British traditional sports during the industrial revolution.The study holds the opinions that,in the beginning of the industrial revolution,social groups showed up due to the economic expansion and social transformation,which leaded the change in traditional sports.However,the influence were ineffective because of the tradition in Britain and the Napoleonic Wars;After Waterloo,the British government changed its stance on sports,and with the growth of social forces such as religion,groups for animal protection,traditional sports were gradually restricted and tended to be ignored.It is possible to deepen understanding of the relationship between sports and social changes through the study of the change of traditional sports in the Britain,and further understand the formation of modern sport in England in the second half of the nineteenth century.