徐州地区2015~2016年手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Xuzhou Area in 2015 to 2016

目的回顾2015年1月~12月徐州地区儿童手足口病(HFMD)的临床流行病学特征。方法利用统计学方法对2792例收治入院手足口病例进行流行病学资料分析。结果在徐州地区,儿童HFMD发病年龄以3岁以下为主,男性多于女性,散居病例多于群居病例,乡村地区多发,疾病多发季节为3~7月份。普通型病例大多症状轻微,预后良好,超过半数病例并发病毒性脑炎,经积极处理后预后亦较好;重症病例10例,占总病例数0.36%,可并发严重并发症,如神经源性肺水肿,肺出血等,需积极处理以降低死亡率。结论在徐州地区,HFMD发病具有明显易感人群及流行季节,在疾病流行季节对易感人群进行积极干预,争取早诊断、早治疗,以期获得良好预后。

Objective To review the clinical epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in children from January to December 2015 in Xuzhou area.Methods The epidemiological data of 2792 patients with HFMD were analyzed by statistical method.Results In Xuzhou area,The onset age of HFMD in children is mainly under 3 years old,male is more than female,scattered cases are more than group cases,rural areas are more frequent,the season of disease frequent is March and July.The symptoms of common cases are mostly mild.The prognosis was good,more than half of the cases were complicated with viral encephalitis,and the prognosis was better after active treatment.There were 10 severe cases,accounting for 0.36%of the total cases.Serious complications,such as neurogenic pulmonary edema,pulmonary hemorrhage,etc.,should be actively dealt with in order to reduce the mortality rate.Conclusion In Xuzhou area.,the incidence of HFMD has obvious susceptible population and epidemic season.In the epidemic season,the susceptible population is actively intervened to make early diagnosis and treatment in order to obtain a good prognosis.