新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床特征分析

Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal Community Acquired Pneumonia

目的分析新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床资料,为今后的临床诊治提供参考。方法对2014年1月~2016年12月在我院儿科住院的132例新生儿社区获得性肺炎的临床表现、实验室检查、影像学特征、治疗及预后进行回顾性分析。结果临床表现多样化,症状以气促最常见,其次为咳嗽、呛奶、吐奶,体征以发绀为最多见,其次为肺部湿啰音、三凹征、鼻翼扇动。痰细菌培养阳性率为32.58%,G-菌占57.78%,G+菌占44.22%,前三位依次为大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及阴沟肠杆菌。X线胸片以斑片状阴影、点状阴影多见。结论新生儿社区获得性肺炎临床表现缺乏特异性,需结合X线胸片综合分析,早期诊断,及时治疗。

Objective To analyze the clinical data of neonatal community-acquired pneumonia and provide reference for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical manifestations,laboratory tests,imaging features,treatment and prognosis of 132 newborns with community-acquired pneumonia who were hospitalized in our pediatric department from January 2014 to December 2016.Results Diversification of clinical manifestations,the most common symptoms of shortness of breath,followed by cough,choking milk,spit milk,signs of cyanosis is the most common,followed by pulmonary wet rales,three concave signs,nose flap.The positive rate of sputum bacterial culture was 32.58%,G-bacteria accounted for 57.78%,G+bacteria accounted for 44.22%.The top three followed by Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter cloacae.X-ray to patchy shadows,punctate shadows more common.Conclusion The clinical manifestations of community-acquired pneumonia in neonates are not specific and need to be combined with X-ray analysis,early diagnosis and timely treatment.