圆拱直墙式水窖应力集中现象研究

Study on the Stress Concentration Phenomenon about the Circular Arch and Straight Wall Water Cellar

圆拱直墙式水窖是我国西北缺水地区以及水资源分布不均衡地区的一种常用集雨设施,由于目前在水窖建设中缺乏对圆拱直墙式水窖的空间结构分析,忽略了该水窖存在的应力集中问题,导致水窖在应力集中部位的破坏或整个水窖采用较大厚度导致材料的浪费。通过利用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS对圆拱直墙式水窖进行空间结构分析,计算了该水窖的应力分布规律,从而验证水窖强度。并通过ANSYS优化设计理论,以水窖耗材量最小为目标函数,以许用应力为约束条件,得出不同容水量的水窖优化几何尺寸。根据该尺寸,工程施工人员可以方便地完成该型式水窖的施工,并且为新材料水窖的开发提供一定的理论基础。

The cylindrical water cellar is a common rainfall collection facility in northwest water shortage areas of China and water resources distributed unbalanced areas.The lack of analysis on water cellar spatial structure and ignoring water cellar stress concentration problems have led to damage on the water cellar stress concentration sites or a greater thickness of the waste material.In this research,we calculated the stress distribution of the water cellar to verify the water cellar strength through analyzing the water cellar structure by ANSYS software,and obtained the different volumes of water cellar geometry optimization by ANSYS optimal designing theory,so as to use the minimum water cellar materials as the objective function,and to use allowable stress of the material as the constrain condition.Then,according to the optimal sizes,the worker could build this kind of water cellar conveniently,and this research provided theoretical basis for the development of new water cellar.