多杀性巴氏杆菌分型方法研究进展

Progress on Typing Methods of Pasteurella multocida

多杀性巴氏杆菌是一种人兽共患病病原菌,可引起多种动物及人类疾病。目前临床上对多杀性巴氏杆菌的分型多采用基于免疫试验为基础的血清学分型和基于基因特征为依据的分子分型。血清学方法操作繁琐,对抗血清的特异性有很高的要求,不适宜临床大规模快速进行流行病学调查。分子分型具有分辨力高和重复性好等优点,因而在临床中得到了广泛应用。分子分型方法主要包括荚膜多重PCR分型、脂多糖多重PCR分型、多位点序列分型、脉冲场凝胶电泳、全基因组序列分析等。论文就每种分型方法的原理、优缺点和适用范围进行介绍,以期为临床上开展多杀性巴氏杆菌的流行病学调查,特别是分子流行病学调查提供参考。

Pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic pathogen,which can cause many diseases of animals and humans.Currently,the typing methods of P.multocida include serological typing methods and molecular typing methods.Serological typing methods are based on immunological assays,which need specific antiserum and too complicated for clinical bacteriological studies.Compared to traditional serological typing methods,the molecular typing methods which are based on gene characteristics have high discriminatory power and good reproducibility.Therefore,more and more attention and application have been gained in clinical application.The molecular typing methods mainly include capsular multiple PCRs,LPS multiple PCRs,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and whole genome sequence(WGS),et al.In the current review,we briefly described the typing methods for P.multocida,compared their advantages and disadvantages.The aim was to provide a knowledge-foundation for clinical bacteriological investigation especially the molecular investigation for Pasteurella multocida.