科学层级论及相关尺度问题研究——以生态学为例

Study on Level and Scale Issues of Science——Take Ecology as Example

基于古典的自然有序思想,近现代自然科学的研究指涉不同层次和尺度,并由此分化为不同的学科领域,总体分处同一"学科之链"上。对于不同的学科而言,层次和尺度的划分导致学科分化的同时,也带来学科间的通约难题;对于同一学科内部而言,层次和尺度概念问题与复杂性问题直接相关。在生态学领域中,层次和尺度的问题较为典型,对该问题的研究将对解决元科学的跨层次、跨尺度及跨学科问题产生哲学指导意义。

Based on the conditional thoughts of nature’s order,modern natural science refers to different levels and scales.Also it divides to different fields who belong to the same chain.For all these different fields,the issue of level and scale will lead not only the division but also the problem of incommensurability.For one field,it will lead problem of complexity.This condition is typical in ecology.So,research on scale and level issues of ecology will be significant for cross-lelel,cross-scale and cross-disciplinary of metascience.