环境中多氯联苯醚的污染现状及研究进展

Pollution status and research progress of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers in the environment

多氯联苯醚(PCDEs)作为工业氯酚或氯代苯氧乙酸的生产副产物在环境介质中广泛存在。PCDEs与多氯联苯(PCBs)和多氯代二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)的化学结构具有一定相似性,属于潜在的持久性有机污染物,生态风险较高。相对于PCBs和PCDFs,广大学者对PCDEs污染水平、生物毒性以及人体暴露风险的研究相对较少。为了提高对PCDEs研究的重视程度,综述了近年来PCDEs的研究状况,详细讨论了PCDEs的结构性质、来源、形成机理、降解规律、生物毒性以及在生物体、环境介质中的暴露水平,并对未来PCDEs的研究方向做出预测。

As the by-products of industrial chlorphenols and chlorinated phenoxyacetic acid,polychlorinated diphenyl ethers(PCDEs)had been found in a varied number of environmental samples.Due to their structural similarity with polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)and polychlorinated dibenzofurans(PCDFs),PCDEs showed potentially ecological risk and were deemed as potential persistent organic pollutants.By far,data concerning environment pollution,biotoxicity and human exposure risk of PCDEs were very limited,compared with the widely interested PCBs and PCDFs.To draw emphasis on the research of PCDEs,the paper reviews the state of the investigations on its chemical structure,property,formation,degradation mechanism,biotoxicity and environmental exposure to organism.Finally,the trends on the research of PCDEs were proposed.