加速溶剂萃取法提取蛹虫草主要成分工艺优化分析

Analysis on Process Optimization about Accelerated Solvent Extraction of Main Components in Cordyceps militaris

【目的】蛹虫草(Cordyceps militaris)成分内含有大量的核苷类、多糖、虫草酸、甾醇、糖醇、酶和色素等多种活性物质,其中对虫草素(cordycepin)、腺苷(adenosine)、多糖等研究广泛。【方法】目前提取虫草素、腺苷常用超声法、回流法、渗漉提取法等。采取加速溶剂萃取法,从蛹虫草子实体中获取虫草素、腺苷活性物质,并进行四因素(温度、静态萃取时间、乙醇浓度和循环次数)三水平正交试验设计,明确其最优组合条件。【结果】通过试验得到了加速萃取法提取虫草素、腺苷的最佳组合条件。【结论】加速萃取法提取虫草素的最适条件是:温度70℃,时间5 min,乙醇浓度20%,循环次数2次;提取腺苷的最适条件是:温度100℃,时间10 min,乙醇含量0,循环次数2次。

【Objective】Cordyceps militaris contains many kinds of active substances such as nucleosides,polysaccharides,cordycepin,sterols,sugar alcohols,enzymes,pigments and other active substances,among which cordycepin,adenosine,polysaccharide and so on are widely studied.【Method】The extraction of cordycepin and adenosine was commonly used by ultrasonic method,reflux method,percolation extraction method and so on.In this paper,accelerated solvent extraction was used to obtain the active substances of cordycepin and adenosine from the fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris.The optimum conditions were obtained by the method of orthogonal experiment and the rapid extraction method.The method of accelerated solvent extraction was optimized by orthogonal experiment.In addition,four factors(temperature,static extraction time,ethanol concentration and cycle number)were designed to determine the optimal combination conditions.【Result】The optimum combination conditions for the extraction of cordycepin and adenosine by accelerated extraction were obtained by experiments.【Conclusion】The optimum conditions for the extraction of adenosine by accelerated extraction were as follows:temperature 70℃,time 5 min,ethanol concentration 20%and cycle times 2,and the optimum conditions for extracting adenosine were as follows:temperature 100℃,time 10 min,ethanol content 0 and cycle times 2 times.