潜伏、剥离与跃升:西尔维亚·普拉斯诗歌“爱丽尔神话”的建构

Disguise, Detachment and Sublimation: The Construction of the “Ariel Myth” in Sylvia Plath's Poetry

《爱丽尔》是美国自白派女诗人西尔维亚·普拉斯最重要的一部诗集。本文从诗集里的"标题诗"《爱丽尔》的解读入手,通过分析诗歌中的核心形象"爱丽尔"所承载的三重意义,指出其塑造经过了三个阶段:首先,作者乔装为一个叙述者,在其中潜伏;其次,叙述者不断剥离原有的"自我",否定、扬弃"自我"在社会中的身份;再次,叙事者通过与死亡的亲近完成自我净化,实现跃升和重生。这是一个自我认识和自我实现的过程,也是一个神话建构的过程。而延伸的考察也揭示,这一过程也同样反映在诗集中的其他单篇诗歌作品,序列组诗,以及整部诗集的篇目编排之中。"爱丽尔神话"既是诗人在诗歌中创造的文本神话,也是属于她个人生命的神话。

Ariel is a poetry collection by American confessional poet Sylvia Plath.Starting with a rereading of the title poem“Ariel”in this collection,this paper analyzes the three levels of meaning of the core image“Ariel”in the poem and points out the three phases of shaping the image:First,the poet disguises as the narrator and hides in the poem;Second,the narrator detaches her poetic self from her mundane self,negates and abandons her identity in society;Last,by approaching death,the narrator purifies herself and realizes her self-sublimation and rebirth.This is not only a process of self-recognition and self-realization but also a process of myth construction.The paper further reveals that the same process is also reflected in other poems and poem sequences in this collection as well as in the arrangement of the collection.The“Ariel myth”exists both in the poetic text and in Plath’s personal life.