我国食品生产环节安全监管指数的实证研究——基于全国103家婴幼儿奶粉企业

An Empirical Study on China's Food Production Safety Supervision Index:Based on 103 Infant Milk Powder Enterprises in China

通过国内外文献、我国的法律法规以及236例食品安全事故案例,采用德尔菲专家调查法,构建了乳制品生产环节的食品安全监管指数指标体系。对国家食品药品监督管理局发布的103家婴幼儿奶粉生产企业实施安全监管数据采集,借助网络层次分析—模糊综合评价模型对食品安全监管指数进行实证研究。结果表明,我国乳制品生产环节的安全监管整体处于中等水平;区域间指数差异不大;企业自身的生产监管处于较好水平,企业的管理体系认证率、生产标签等指标优势明显,但产品认证率指标问题突出。因此,国家、企业等相关主体需从现有监管体系入手,细化落实生产监管工作制度,深化生产风险防范工作,强化生产监管意识,提高生产监管能力。

Based on domestic and foreign literature,China′s laws and regulations,and 236 cases of food accidents,the paper builds a food safety regulatory index system of dairy production with Delphi Expert Survey Method.With a colleciton of safety regulatory data from 103 infant milk powder manufacturers issued by China Food and Drug Administration(CFDA)and with the aid of Analytical Hierarchly Process(AHP)-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model,we made an empirical research over food safety regulation of dairy production index.The results show that the food safety supervision in China′s production sector is at a moderate level while enterprises′own production supervision is at a good level;there are little index differences among geographic regions;there are obvious advantages in rate of management system certification and production label;but there exsit some prominent problems such as the low product certification rate.Therefore,the country,enterprises and other related entities should start with the existing regulatory system,refine the implementation of the production supervision system,deepen the production risk prevention,strengthen production supervision awareness and improve production supervision.