哺乳动物双极细胞生理构造及功能比较研究进展

Progress in the comparison of physiological structures and functions of mammalian bipolar cells

视网膜双极细胞是哺乳动物视觉系统信号通路的中间神经元,它接受光觉感受器(视锥细胞,视杆细胞)的信号输入,在整合信息后传递至无长突细胞和神经节细胞。近年来研究显示,通过免疫组化技术,以及生物物理学、药理学、膜电容测定、荧光生物传感器和双光子显微镜等技术,可以更为全面的了解视觉传导过程中涉及的神经元整个类别。在此,本文主要综述通过免疫组化等方法比较不同哺乳动物视网膜双极细胞独特生理结构和功能的特性及其突触重塑方面相关研究进展。

Retinal bipolar cells are intermediate neurons in the signal pathway of the mammalian visual system.They receive signal inputs from photoreceptors(cone and rod cells)and transmit information to amacrine and ganglion cells after integrating information.Recent studies have shown that,through immunocytochemical staining,biophysics,pharmacology,membrane capacitance measurement,fluorescent biosensors,and two-photon microscopy,at the point where the visual path first diverges,a more comprehensive understanding of the entire category of neurons in the range of arrival can be obtained.Here,this article reviews the research progress in comparisons of the unique physiological structures and functions of different mammalian retinal bipolar cells and synaptic remodeling by immunocytochemical methods.