护士工作压力与求助意向及求助行为研究

A survey of nurses′work stress,help-seeking intention and behavior

目的探讨护士求助意向、工作压力及专业求助行为的影响因素,探索求助意向在护士工作压力与求助行为中的中介作用,为医院采取更有效的求助行为干预措施提供依据。方法采用求助行为调查表、护士工作压力源量表、寻求心理咨询帮助的行为意向问卷对陕西省673名护士进行问卷调查。结果护士工作压力(88.6±7.2)分;求助意向(76.3±5.9)分;4.0%护士有过专业求助行为。女性、本科及以上学历、收入较高的护士压力均较大,求助意向较为积极(均P<0.01);年龄、每周工作时间、压力及专业心理求助意向是求助行为的影响因素(P<0.05,P<0.01);求助意向在工作压力与专业求助行为的关系中起中介作用(β=-0.005)。结论护士工作压力大,求助意向较高,但求助行为较少。医院相关部门可通过加强心理健康教育,提高其求助意向,从而增加其寻求专业求助的可能性,减少压力。

Objective To investigate factors associated with help-seeking intention,work stress and help-seeking behavior among nurses,to explore the mediating effect of help-seeking intention on the relationship between work stress and help-seeking behavior,thus to provide reference for the hospital to take more effective interventions.Methods A total of 673 nurses in Shannxi province completed the Help-seeking Behavior Questionnaire,Nurse Stress Inventory,and Intention of Seeking Counseling Inventory.Results The nurses scored 88.6±7.2 on work stress and 76.3±5.9 on help-seeking intention.Four percent of nurses had help-seeking behavior.Those who were female,with education at bachelor level or above,and had high income experienced severe stress and had more positive help-seeking intention(P<0.01 for all).Age,weekly working hours,stress and help-seeking intention were predictors of help-seeking behavior(P<0.05,P<0.01).Help-seeking intention had mediating effect on the relationship between work stress and help-seeking behavior(β=-0.005).Conclusion Nurses had high levels of work stress and help-seeking intention,but they showed lower level of help-seeking behavior.Administrative department of hospital could improve nurses′help-seeking intention through strengthening psychological health education,thus to enhance their likelihood of seeking professional help and to reduce their stress.