落叶季雨林疏伐后对海南坡鹿生境选择的研究

Habitat Selection of Hainan Eld's Deer after Forest Thinning in a Deciduous Monsoon Forest

海南坡鹿是我国特有的国家Ⅰ级重点保护动物,由于种群数量的增多以及外来物种的入侵,对海南坡鹿的生境保护显得尤为重要。保护区过去很少对落叶季雨林这种生境采用疏伐的方式进行调节,我们为了弄清楚它们在疏伐前后海南坡鹿对其选择的变化情况,在一年的时间内采用样线调查的方法,发现坡鹿后记录其数量、行为活动、性别和年龄结构等,经过分析后发现海南坡鹿在全年对疏伐区有较高的选择;在疏伐区内的行为活动主要以采食为主,在非疏伐区内的行为活动主要以采食和休息为主;从不同年龄结构看出,亚成体和成年坡鹿相对于幼仔来说更喜欢在疏伐区内活动;在交配期,海南坡鹿更喜欢在疏伐区活动,繁殖期更喜欢在非疏伐区活动。

Hainan Eld s deer(Cervus eldi hainanus)is a class I national-protected species that is endemic to China.Due to threats caused by increased human population and invasions by alien species,protection of Hainan Eld s deer s habitat is particularly important.The deciduous monsoon forest of the nature reserve was rarely managing by thinning in the past.To clarify changes in habit selection of Hainan Eld s deer before and after thinning,we conducted line transects surveys to record the number,behaviors,and gender and age structure of Hainan Eld s deer in one year.Deer showed strong preference for thinned stands.Feeding was the main behavior in the thinned stands and feeding and resting were the main behaviors in un-thinned stands.Sub-adult and adult deer preferentially occupied thinned stands in contrast to fawns,which occupied un-thinned stands.During the mating period,Hainan Eld s deer remained in thinned stands,but in the fawn rearing period,deer occupied un-thinned stands.