陕西省不同级别医院药学人员的职业认同水平及其影响因素研究

Study on Professional Identification and Its Influential Factors of Pharmaceutical Staff in Hospitals of Shaanxi Province at Different Levels

目的:了解陕西省不同级别医院药学人员的职业认同水平及其关键影响因素。方法:围绕人员心理需求,对来自陕西省31家不同级别医院的395名药学人员进行问卷调查(包括基本情况表、收入情况表和职业认同量表),并采用描述性统计、卡方检验、因子分析、多元线性回归分析等统计学方法进行数据分析。结果:共发放问卷395份,回收有效问卷381份,有效回收率为96.45%。受访药学人员的职业认同平均得分为(3.87±0.98)分,属于"中度认同"水平;一级医院药学人员职业认同水平的综合平均因子得分最高,二级医院次之,三级医院最低,但在职业态度、工作价值观与患者认可度等不同维度上的排序有所不同;多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响一级医院、二级医院与三级医院药学人员职业认同的关键因素分别为药学工作年限与受教育程度、婚姻状况、收入满意度。结论:陕西省不同级别医院药学人员的职业认同水平随着医院级别的上升而降低;各级医院应重视药学人员心理需求,各有侧重地加强继续教育开展,合理分配资源以减轻人员压力,健全薪酬分配体制以改善人员待遇,从而稳定药学人员队伍。

OBJECTIVE:To investigate professional identification and its key influential factors of pharmaceutical staff in hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels.METHODS:The questionnaire survey(general information,income,professional identification)was conducted among 395 pharmaceutical staff from 31 hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels,referring to the psychological needs of pharmaceutical staff.The data were analyzed by statistical methods,including descriptive statistics,chi-square test,factor analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis.RESULTS:A total of 395 questionnaires were sent out and 381 valid ones were collected,with effective recovery of 96.45%.The average professional identification score was(3.87±0.98)points,which belonged to the middle-level.The average factor scores of pharmacists’professional identification level of primary hospitals were the highest,followed by secondary hospitals and tertiary hospitals.But there were different orders in terms of career attitude,work value and patient recognition.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the key factors influencing professional identification of pharmacists in primary,secondary and tertiary hospitals were education and age,marriage,income satisfaction,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The professional identification level of pharmaceutical staff in hospitals of Shaanxi province at different levels declines while the hospital level gets higher.Great importance should be attached to psychological needs of pharmaceutical staff,strengthen the development of continuing education,allocate resource rationally to reduce staff pressure,perfect the salary distribution system to improve the treatment of staff so as to keep pharmaceutical staff team stable.