全面二孩政策的实施效果评估——基于云南省A市的调查分析

Evaluation the Implementation Effect of the Comprehensive Second-Child Policy:Based on the Investigation of a City in Yunnan Province

全面二孩政策的实施的调查表明,推动经济社会可持续发展的关键问题是逐步提高生育率问题。生育政策调整后,符合全面二孩政策的家庭生育意愿并不高,生男意愿仍高于生女意愿,育龄妇女生育二孩意愿低龄化,住房、教育、医疗等支出较高以及生育观念变化等因素对生育率有重要影响。不愿意生育二孩的根本原因是收入低,家庭收入与生育二孩意愿具有正相关性。因此,解决和优化生育率问题,要建构和完善房地产业、教育政策等相关配套制度。

The survey on the comprehensive implementation of second-child policy has shown that the key point to propel the sustainable economy and society is to gradually increase the fertility rate.After the adjustment of fertility policy,there is a low tendency in the willingness of fertility,of having a female baby,and in the younger age to have their second child.The fertility rate is affected by the expenditure on housing,education and medical care,and also the change of the mind.Low income becomes the fundamental cause of low fertility rate which has a direct correlation with income.Therefore,we should construct and improve relevant supporting systems,such as estate industry,education policies to solve and optimize the issue.