道教上清派与晚唐咏物诗创作

The Shangqing School of Taoism and the Poetries Chanting Things in the Late Tang Dynasty

晚唐诗人在不同程度上受到上清派修道思想的影响,并反映于他们的咏物诗的创作。就修道方法而言,上清派的存思存神术提供了一种极具想象力、跳跃流动的思维方式,启发了诗人咏物的构思,使得咏物诗呈现出奇幻瑰丽之境;而"人-神"双修术及其创造的女仙世界,则从意象语言和情爱内涵两方面影响到晚唐咏物诗"艳境"的营构。此外,上清派重视心性论的阐发,以内观、坐忘为修道之要,倡扬众生万物皆有道性,有助于形成清虚淡泊的咏物境界。

The poets in late Tang dynasty were influenced to different degrees by the thought of the Shangqing School of Taoism,which was reflected in their composing of poetries chanting things.As far as the way of cultivating themselves is considered,the meditation method of the Shangqing School is a leaping and flowing thinking mode with extreme imagination,enlightening the poets conception of chanting things and making the poetries present a territory with fantastic miracles and surpassing beauty;while the dual cultivation of“person together with immortals”and the fairy world created by it brought influence to the composing of“gorgeous atmosphere”by the Late Tang poetries chanting things both in their imagery discourse and in their love intension.Moreover,Shangqing School put an emphasis on the explication of temperament theory,considering introspection and sitting oblivion as important to cultivation,advocating that all living creatures and all things on earth have a primitive nature,which is helpful to form a pure,empty and unconventional realm for chanting things.