孕妇孕期增重对新生儿出生体质量和出生身长的影响

Effects of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on birth weight and birth length

目的研究孕妇孕期增重对新生儿出生体质量和出生身长的影响。方法选取解放军第三二四医院收治的400例足月单胎产妇,回顾性记录其身高、孕前体质量和孕晚期体质量,并记录新生儿的出生体质量和出生身长,分析孕期增重与新生儿出生身长和出生体质量的关系。结果孕期增重超标组巨大儿发生率显著高于增重正常组(χ~2=9.320,P<0.01),该组新生儿出生体质量也显著高于增重正常组(F=48.572,P<0.01),而新生儿出生身长则没有显著变化(F=3.541,P>0.05)。与增重正常组相比,孕期增重不足组的巨大儿发生率(χ~2=0.072,P>0.05)、新生儿出生体质量(F=0.02,P>0.05)和新生儿出生身长(F=1.052,P>0.05)均没有显著变化。结论孕期增重对新生儿出生体质量存在重要影响,孕妇应根据自身情况,合理控制孕期增重,以获得良好的妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate the effect of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on birth weight and birth length.Methods A total of 400 single-term maternal women admitted to 324 Military Hospital of China were selected to retrospectively record their height,preconception weight and body weight during the third trimester,and record the birth weight and birth length,analyzed the relationship among the maternal weight gain,birth weight and birth length.Results The incidence of macrosomia in the overweight group during pregnancy was significantly higher than that of the normal weight gain group(χ2=9.320,P<0.01),the birth weight in this group was also significantly higher than that of the normal weight gain group(F=48.572,P<0.01),however,there was no significant change in the birth length(F=3.541,P>0.05).Compared with the normal weight gain group,there was no significant change in the incidence of macrosomia(χ2=0.072,P>0.05),birth weight(F=0.02,P>0.05)and birth length(F=1.052,P>0.05)of the underweight group during pregnancy.Conclusion Weight gain during pregnancy has an important influence on the birth weight.Pregnant women should reasonably control their weight gain during pregnancy to obtain a good pregnancy outcome.